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From Kenya to Greece

Athens, Greece

Institutions involved
NGOs
Initiative Typology
Financial support, Work opportunities
Problem addressed
Adaptation to Greek society and provision of support to others.
Resilience strategies addressed by women
Interviewee 2 (Kenya, 50) grew up in a rural area among eight siblings. Her financial situation was described as average. She moved to college in an urban area and later started a family. The Interviewee was married in 1992 but she is a widow since 2010. In Kenya, her husband had difficulties finding a job, after losing a well-paid job position and remained as long term unemployed despite his studies and experience. As a couple they wanted to help their children but socioeconomic life in Africa was difficult. They could not secure any job and had an opportunity to travel to Greece. Thus, her husband left for Greece leaving her behind in 2006, being the breadwinner. Her children now are 26, 24 and 20 years old. She arrived in Greece in 2010 via an invitation for a certain period of three months as her husband was still there then under the recognition of the refugee status. Three months before their visa expired, her husband passed away. She explained that the people she helps via her NGO are refugees and immigrants with multiple problems. She explicated that African women have experienced a lot from the start of their journey until the arrival in Greece. Some are sexually exploited, abused or deceived. Problems still exist after their arrival too. She mentioned that many foreigners face difficulties. However, Greeks are also facing their own difficulties because of the economic crisis. In fact, in the center they also help some Greeks, who face serious problems, e.g., not having electricity in their houses, need food supplies. They also make an effort to visit apartments to provide help, e.g., in cases of the elderly. She stated that she receives positive feedback for her work. She also encountered racial discrimination. She recalled a case when she needed to open a bank account and issue a debit cash card. She realized that a woman who was the branch manager was delaying the issuance of the procedures. After multiple efforts, once the manager was on leave She revisited the branch and completed all the procedures immediately. She concluded that immigrants should visit public services and bank branches in other areas far from theirs in Athens's North suburbs. She mentioned that discrimination is widespread in public hospitals. It is challenging for those who do not speak Greek. Usually, in public healthcare one encounters positive attitudes but there are also adversative social interactions. She recalled an incident when her daughter was pregnant.
Description of the integration initiative implemented
She explained that when her husband passed away, she needed to change apartment because she was tired of it and had many memories there. However, she encountered difficulties with her neighbours. She explicitly mentioned that she undertook the breadwinner's role when her husband passed away. Thus, she did not have time to learn Greek adequately. She believes that when a migrant arrives in Greece, Greek language or vocational training on arrival training is of utmost importance. Regarding the culture of Greece, an employer informed her about it. While they were walking around the residence, she gave her information about the Greek culture. She explained that in Greece, a woman could find work in domestic work, in the restaurant sector, no matter what their studies and credentials are. Regarding vulnerability and exploitation, She mentioned that when a female employer treated her derogatory by not allowing her to take a bath and was forced to eat from leftovers while working for her as a live-in childcarer (nanny/housekeeping). She is paying her health insurance and her taxes alone. She explained that men also face similar problems with delays of payments or nonpayment from employers and economic deceptions. The academic institution from which she graduated provided funding and supported her initiative by funding the NGO, the school and herself. Through that she was able to cover her personal expenses (daily needs, rent etc.) and pursue her goals; she began the operation of her NGO which was registered in 2019. She began in 2015 by offering soup, tea and bread to people in the streets more informally but in 2017 the initiative was formal with the use of premises. She personally expressed her sacrifice, compassion and solidarity to those in need. Later, she organized English language classes.
Personal story
She mentioned that in the beginning it was quite difficult. She was only three months in Greece, as she has just arrived from Kenya. The Greek language was an important barrier. Finding a job was almost impossible. She did not expect to do such a job but knew that finding an office job would have been quite difficult. In the job interviews they always asked for somebody with experience. However, she had the experience of taking care of her own children. But potential employers wanted someone who has worked in Greece, has experience with older children and could speak Greek. They also asked for references. It was quite difficult until one day she met a foreign employer with two children (5 and 7 years old). Thus, she worked in the personal services/care sector, particularly in childcare (nanny and housekeeping). She communicated with them in English. The employer welcomed her and was quite flexible and understanding with her as it was just a month since her husband had passed away. She worked for five hours a day for € 950. She worked for them for two years. Other employers offered less payment for live-in child services (Monday to Sunday early morning) for many hours (approx. 12). When she worked as such, she stayed inside the employers' residences and did not know where to leave her children. She explained that her children suffered as they had to leave them stay somewhere and left them in a shelter for children. She was receiving € 550. In certain cases, employers tried to pay her less while threatening of denouncing her to the authorities, while they were unaware of her legal residence status. In other cases, employers deceived her by not paying her at all. After six months, she couldn't pay her rent. She was evicted with her children. For a short period, in 2013, was receiving financial support from an NGO which help her as she was exhausted from working. Later, she found another child care job (nanny and housekeeping) described as a “God given job”. The employers respected and supported her and her son by offering a job position as well. They offered a five-hour swift and day-off over the weekends. She opened up about herself and what she had been through and the employers showed understanding. She was motivated due to the circumstances. She migrated to be united with her husband, be a family, and stay all together. She had to seek employment as her husband (who worked in a delivery company and train station cleaning), who passed away earlier in Greece. She also had never dreamed of having an NGO in a foreign country, particularly in Greece. She also never expected to travel abroad. Although adaptation was difficult for her, as soon as she has a sort of stability, she began cooking for others in need. When her husband, who was the breadwinner who supported them back home, passed away she was left alone. It was then that she decided that she cannot go back to Kenya because if she did that, she and her children would face great difficulties and would have no future prospects. When she worked for a couple, who were generous employers with her, she found the way to implement a dream. She was thinking that when she has an apt work, she will start helping others in need. This was the turning point where she began to place others above herself. She graduated in 2017. While working for a family (salary around €750), she had asked not to work during Saturdays. When she was leaving form the employers’ residence, she saw many individuals from Africa suffering and sleeping on the streets. She felt privileged because although her husband had passed away, she was able to support her family. She then decided to start cooking for those in need. She also provided temporary accommodation to some individuals from African countries, e.g., Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana. She has relatives and friends, including the mother of her late husband, her sisters and brothers with whom she is in regular communication. Before arriving in Greece, she had information about the country via her husband. She relates to people from other cultures or countries because she is helping others but she also has contacts with Greeks. She is also a member of the Kenyan Community in Greece. She believed that being a member in this particular community is important for a Kenyan to join because they are far away from their country, they are alone in Greece and because they have different tribes, they want to be together. It's a place that one can show love and unity and support in cases of problems or difficulties. They come together, like a family that support each other. Those Kenyans who do not want to join the community, it’s because they just do not want to be together with others. They feel that they are fine without other people, something that it is not true. However, when they have problems, they put the community into greater difficulties. Besides, her academic institution was associated with a Christian church. She also attended the congregation every Sunday but currently via video conference application due to COVID-19 restrictions. She mentioned that she does not have any immediate plans to return to Kenya. However, she does not want to stay for the rest of her life in Greece. Once her children become stable at their work, she will reconsider it. She is currently responsible for the care and support of others in need via her NGO, thus she does not want to leave. When she is no longer needed, she will return to Kenya. She described that her expectations of her family had been improved. However, she believed that her children have not achieved what she wanted for them. She sought a better education for them but they do not have opportunities in general. Her dream was to help orphan people back in Kenya. It was a dream that she and her late husband had. To build a place for those in need. Both were raised like that as she and her husband were not coming from affluent family background. Both struggled a lot during their education years. Thus, they had a dream that if they were are lucky enough to have stability, they would start implementing this plan. She had that dream of starting an initiative back in Kenya for helping people, like a charity. She has now more responsibilities at home and generally through her work. She feels that she has more capacity to face challenges in her life. Currently she feels empowered. She also believed that if one set up something in her mind, one can do it. Irrespectively of all the difficulties, discouragements and challenges that one is facing, one should not stop from achieving what they want to achieve their dream which is to be able to make changes: to make sure that all people, who are not represented, those who do not have enough sources for school and that one day that, love and solidarity with no limits will give an opportunity to all of them to receive a proper education. She explained that currently she sees many cases. Many people who are in need even more than before. She is not only helping refugees, but all those are jobless. She mentioned that some people think that she is being supported by the UN which is not true. They are receiving small support and we mention it via social media, expressing our appreciation. Also, she continues to provide support to individuals in need despite the difficulties of the current situation in the COVID-19 pandemic. The NGO provides English language lessons and all the basic needs except shelter. Sometimes she provides people with shelter in her apartment but she also gives food. Now they are not only teaching English and Greek but mathematics as well.
Analysis of the initiative and individual story
The case of She shows that when a woman escapes the subordination and develops a critical consciousness and collective behaviour she is ultimately led to empowerment as she struggles to change her life. The internal strength that emerged via the experiences of She was associated with her life purpose, decision-making and goals. She was led to consider herself as able and entitled to make decisions.
Results and Impact
Qualitative impact: Such initiatives should be taken into consideration due to their effect on the adaptation to everyday life. Grassroots initiatives such as support, Greek language learning programs and targeted educational programs in special groups of immigrants and refugees or refugee women lead to socioeconomic integration. Migrant groups need more protection and support not fall victims of exploitation, social exclusion and poverty. Such initiatives for vulnerable groups are based on the need to take targeted actions to cover the socioeconomic difficulties they present, as they face problems of adaptation and integration into society. Quantitative impact: Such initiatives could create the basis for integration interventions of large numbers of individuals or families including the provision of psychosocial support services, counselling, support and enhancement of technical training, language learning, facilitating access to local services and the host society, legal support, etc.), with the aim of the beneficiaries to gradually gain their autonomy and to integrate into the social fabric of the reception society.