Description of the integration initiative implemented
The main aspects that helped her achieve her goals:

- Family support: She had an uncle and an aunt living in Paris: they lent her money (10 000 euros) to pays the agency that would provide her the documents to enter the European Union. When she arrived in Paris, they welcomed her and provided her housing.

- Work opportunities: as an English speaker, Tina was able to find through informal networks several employers who declared her as a domestic worker and helped her integrate French society.

- Love relationship: her partnership with a French citizen helped her consolidate her position in French society. He encouraged her to learn French online, and introduced her to his social network. They officialized their union through a PACS (contract of civil union), which entitled her to a residence permit for private and family life. This made her eligible to ask for family reunification.

- Family reunification: after a long administrative process involving public bodies, Tina was able to bring her daughter to France, who has started going to school and learning French as well.

Personal story

In Manila, Tina used to work as a financial analyst for a big multinational company, which low salary didn’t meet her needs as a single mother nor unable her to envision a future. She “decided to tempt her chance elsewhere". In 2012, she first migrated to Hong Kong where she became a victim of modern slavery. “I had a very bad experience. I had to do everything, clean, cook, take care of the children, I used to work 14 hours a day”. All the money she earned was used to reimburse the agency’s fees that had found her employer. “I told myself that my life was horrible and that I had to leave”. She then went to Macau, where she worked as a waiter in a casino at night. “I still couldn’t build my life that way, the environment was very bad”. She reached out to her uncle who lived in Paris, and who helped her migrate to France. He lent her the important amount of 10 000€ to pay the agency that would help get a visa to cross the borders with no problems.

Tina arrived in Paris in 2014. One week later, as she posted in a tobacco shop an announcement offering her services as a domestic helper, she found work for a rich expatriated family. When her employers had to return to their home country in Israel, they wanted Tina to follow them. But she didn’t want to leave Paris where she felt free, and where she had started building a relationship. She thus worked for several other employers, all foreigners. Despite her not having working papers, they’ve all declared her working status and provided her with decent salaries. She had several experiences, ranging from bad ones to very happy ones, working sometimes up to 12 hours per day, regardless of the labor law.

Tina was finally able to bring her daughter to France in 2021, after having started the process in 2018. The process has been very long and difficult, we “kept being sent back and forth between the prefecture and the OFII (French Office of Immigration and Integration), and had sometimes to wait several months to hear back from them”. When she was finally in Manila, about to bring her daughter to France with her, the French Embassy blocked the process in the situation of the Covid 19, because the motive “family reunification” wasn’t on the list of motives authorizing to exit the territory. “It was completely absurd. They would let businessmen go out with their girlfriends, who could travel in the name of love. But they wouldn't let a daughter go out with her mother! If we missed the deadline, we would have to start the whole process over again. We were so angry and frustrated”. Her partner was finally able to unblock the situation, through informal networks with the French Minister of Foreign Affairs. Since her daughter has entered the French territory, "the OFFI and the prefecture have been unreachable, they do not answer any emails”. Despite this frozen administrative situation, her daughter has been able to get healthcare and go to school, which she integrated through a special section for students who have recently arrived to France.

They are now moving to a new house, in the city where her partner comes from, to be closer to his family and his parents. Tina wants to focus her “care work” on her family and on having a “simple life”. However, her choice has faced misunderstanding from her employer, who proposed her to rent a flat so she could stay in Paris. They “acted as if my private life didn’t exist, as if they owned my life”. For the future, she would like to stop working as a domestic helper and to open her own business. She also hopes to enlarge her family, by having another baby and have her mother - who’s been taken care of her daughter for 9 years - come to France and live with them.

Analysis of the initiative and individual story
Tina's story reflects a large globalized phenomenon where many women who are young mothers make the choice to separate from their young children, migrate in search of a better future in another country, and build “transnational families” (Ambrosini, 2008). It reveals the continuum that exists between domestic work, human rights violation and modern servitude (FRA, 2011, 2015; MIGS, 2015; OSCE, 2010; Ricard-Guay & Maroukis, 2017). It shows the different scenarios and actors that the OSCE (OSCE, 2010) has identified in relation to domestic servitude: 1) whether the employer directly benefits from human exploitation, such as her employer in Hong Kong; or 2) whether an intermediary is the beneficiary, such as the different placement agencies above mentioned. In the French context, Tina’s story tackles the paradox of a system where the employer has the right to declare domestic work despite the illegal status of the worker (Lévy, 2016). The effect is to create a relationship of dependence between the employee and the employer, whose role of protecting the domestic worker is substituted for that of the State. Tina's account showed how her employers repeatedly arrogated to themselves the right to decide on her life, as if it were a naked life to be defended, protected and controlled (Agamben, 1997).

Despite the socio-economic autonomy she acquired through her work, it was her civil union (PACS) that allowed her to regularize her situation more quickly and, above all, to give her the right and the power to bring her daughter to France. While she is now satisfied with her life, her story shows how her success has been tied to a patriarchal power structure, which underestimates the numerous battles and acts of self-empowerment she has endeavored on her migratory road. To conclude, we must note the parallel between the role her various employers and her partner played in terms of accessing the law and integration French society.

Results and Impact
Tina has accomplished many achievements:
- Gaining self autonomy and a stable financial situation through work;
- Creating a new life through emotional and family bonding
- Overcoming administrative challenges to reunite with her daughter and insure her current integration
- Integrate in French society beyond communtarian social networks
- Self development and prospect of creating her own entreprise
- Dignity and sense of her personal freedom
Nevertheless, her personal success has meant to embrace patriarcal structures that limit the visions of one's life and future to gender norms and identity.