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From Venezuela to Spain: working for a new live

Municipality of Seville, Spain

Institutions involved
NGOs, Informal Communities, Educational institutions
Initiative Typology
Legal assistance (translation services in interaction with authorities) , Intercultural integration (neighborhood associations, religious bodies…) , Work opportunities, Community participation (in migrant community associations)
Problem addressed
In this case, the main problem to favor integration is labor insertion, because she and her husband develop precarious jobs, with low qualifications in relation to their educational level and irregularly, which does not facilitate obtaining resources. In addition, her husband could not have documentation about his studies in the country of origin, so in the host country he could not accredit his university degree.
Resilience strategies addressed by women
The strategy used in this case is to accept that they have to start a new life and cannot continue with the life they had, not to think about what they left in their country of origin, or what they achieved there (status, educational level, work environment ...). It is a new life and they must disassociate themselves from everything they had previously achieved.
Their children are very supportive, they hope for a better future for them.
The networks established with migrants from other countries, with migrants from their country and the networks established with Spanish people help them emotionally.
Description of the integration initiative implemented
The most important topics for their integration have been:
- Previous contacts with relatives in the country of destination, which facilitated their arrival.
- Information and guidance on legal aspects obtained from social entities (Sevilla Acoge), indicating that public institutions such as the Immigration Delegation did not know how to guide them well and wasted time regulating their administrative situation.
- The training received through different orientation courses for foreigners, migration, job search, entrepreneurship ... taught by social entities.
- The informal networks established with migrants, which help them in their search for employment and in legislative matters, aid, etc.
- Informal networks established with migrants from their country, which help them to maintain their cultural identity, self-confidence and maintain ties with their culture.
- Networks established with Spanish people, especially through their children's school, which help them to interact with people from the host society and learn about their cultural guidelines.
- They try to maintain their cultural patterns, but also incorporate and live the cultural patterns of the host society. Above all, the participation of their children in all the activities organized in different contexts, facilitate their full integration.
- They maintain family networks both in the country of origin and in the host society.
- The school has been an important entity for their social integration, together with social entities such as Sevilla Acoge and Cruz Roja.
Personal story
The woman interviewed comes from Venezuela and left her country three years ago due to the political, economic and social situation in Venezuela. She worked for the State and her husband in the field of advertising, they had two children and a normalized life in relation to university studies and optimal work development. When the problems arose in Venezuela, she had to leave her job because what she earned was useless. Money in Venezuela began to have no value due to inflation. There was a lot of insecurity in her country and a lack of food and basic necessities, as well as medicines and medical care.
She has dual nationality (Spanish and Venezuelan) because her father was from Seville (Spain), so without planning it, they decided to sell everything and with the little money they got, plus the help of their family and a sister living in the US, they decided to leave Venezuela and to reach Seville (Spain), where they have relatives (uncles and cousins).
Her family arrived as tourists from Venezuela to Madrid (by plane), and from Madrid to Seville (by train).
With the money they had, they rented an apartment in Seville and were able to live while they tried to regularize their situation. The Immigration Delegation in Seville did not provide good guidance, so when they applied for the residence permit of her children and her husband, the application was denied after three months due to not having sufficient resources. In the Sevilla Acoge NGO they received the correct information, so her children received the Spanish nationality and her husband obtained a regrouping permit.
Since then, they have managed to survive doing precarious jobs without regularization, her husband in agriculture and she in the domestic sector. It has only been a week that her husband has had a contract with an advertising agency.
She takes several courses to stay active and to improve her employment situation. When they left their country of origin, her husband could not obtain the documentation related to his studies, so he could not prove his educational level in the host country. She does have them, but she cannot find a job in her professional sector.
She argues that the best thing is not to cling to what they had and start over, so she intends to do professional training in the health field since it is where they value that they have more possibilities of labor insertion.
Their children were fully integrated from the beginning, they were 9 and 11 years old when they arrived in Seville and they integrated very well in school, in the activities of their municipality and in extracurricular activities, so they have a good group of native friends and are good students.
She maintains contacts with the family that she left in Venezuela (her mother and a sister), and with the family that she has in Seville (Spain). In addition, she maintains networks with migrants from other countries, with migrants from Venezuela and with Spanish people, which has favored their social integration as well as maintaining their cultural identity.
One element that she highlighted is the difference in gender roles, indicating that in Venezuela society is much more macho than in Spain, and that their gender roles changed since her husband often has to take care of their children and of the house, something that in Venezuela did not usually happen.
She intends to stay and live forever in Seville (Spain), find a job that provides stability and regularity, contribute to Spanish society, and be able to give her children a better education than they had in Venezuela.
Analysis of the initiative and individual story
The main initiatives to improve integration have been:
LEGAL SCOPE:
- To be able to regulate the administrative situation of her and that of her family. She and her children have the Spanish nationality and her husband has a residence permit, which allows them a better job insertion (regular employment).
RESOURCES AND SUPPORTS
- Social entities are key in orientation, information and training.
- Little or no support from public entities.
- School and the networks created with parents from their children's school are important, since they have been their main means of establishing friendships with the local population.
NETWORKS AND PARTICIPATION
- Family and informal networks, which facilitate their arrival and participation in the life of their municipality.
- Informal networks with other migrants facilitate the emotional situation.
- Active participation in their community which has been developed through the activities organized by the entities they have in their environment (town hall, school, church) and being part of something.
CULTURAL IDENTITY
- Maintaining their cultural identity through contact with relatives and migrants from the same cultural context.
- At the same time, incorporation into their lives of the cultural guidelines of the host society, valuing the richness that diversity brings.
RESILIENCE STRATEGIES
- Their ability to face life situations through new strategies of adaptation, without clinging to their previous life.
- Valuing the resources available in the host society and using them to obtain benefits.
Results and Impact
This migratory process has had an important impact on the life of our protagonist. The interviewed woman told us that her life has qualitatively improved since she has more security, more training and job opportunities, especially for her children because in Venezuela even if you have money, you cannot get the necessary resources to live (food, medicine, etc.). The insecurity is due to the lack of basic necessities.
In the quantitative sense, although at first they obtained fewer resources than they had in Venezuela, since there they had a regular, well-paid job and a better house, those resources were not useful for them to live since they were worth nothing. In the society of arrival with the few resources they obtain, they can ensure housing, food and health.
Therefore, the migration process has improved their lives both qualitatively and quantitatively.