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“Papers are the strength of the person, they would give me wings”. From Morocco to Spain

Moguer, Huelva, Spain

Institutions involved
NGOs, Other
family networks
Initiative Typology
Intercultural integration (neighborhood associations, religious bodies…) , Work opportunities, Community participation (in migrant community associations)
Problem addressed
The main problems identified in the story of the woman interviewed are:
Labor insertion, as she does not currently have a paid job.
Not regularized administrative situation for residing in Spain at the time of the interview. The protagonist of the story came to Spain with a contract of origin and when her contract ended, she decided to continue living in Spain undocumented, with all the implications that this has for feeling fully integrated and recognized, according to our protagonist.
The fact that her family is far away from her, in Morocco, and for now, they cannot go to see her.
The lack of knowledge of Spanish to be able to meet other people beyond the family networks she has in the place where she lives.
Resilience strategies addressed by women
The capacity of economic administration to be able to carry on in Spain during periods when she is not working.
Strengthening and support from her family in her country of origin for preparation of her trip and the support she received in her migration strategy, as well as the support she is receiving from her family networks at her destination, after migration. This family support (aunts and cousins) facilitates the process of integration in the locality, the availability of housing, establishing contact to find employment…
Description of the integration initiative implemented
Among the main integration measures highlighted in this story are:
- Support from family and migrant networks in the locality where she resides, facilitating the integration process.
- Knowledge of the resources and institutions that exist in their context.
- Experience as a migrant hired in origin on two occasions, 2005 and 2018.
- Translation and orientation support by an association of migrant women in Huelva.
- The family network in her country of origin that helped and supported her in her first stage of the journey and that currently continues supporting her with the trust they have in her and with the constant communication.
- The maintenance of her culture of origin and the possibility of being able to express it publicly in the society in which she lives. She feels Muslim and Moroccan, and can express this freely without feeling discriminated against at any time.
Personal story
The woman interviewed is 40 years old, of Moroccan nationality and this is the second time she has come to Spain with a contract at origin from Morocco, wo work in the fruit-harvesting season in Huelva. In 2005 she came for the first time, and was not able to return until 2018, although she has tried in the different recruitment periods that are carried out at origin (Morocco) by the companies that recruit in Spain. This situation has made her decide to stay in Spain undocumented after the end of this second contract in origin, due to the insecurity of not being hired again in the following season.
She is uneducated and has been working in Morocco since 1999 in agriculture; although she points out that the salary in Spain is somewhat higher that what she received in her country of origin.
During the period she has been working in Spain, she kept her incomes in her account to keep her going while she was looking for a new job.
The main motivation that led her to migrate to Spain was that her country, according to her narrative, “Had nothing”. She was not married, she had no children… she decided to change her life and come to Spain. To all this, it should be added that she knew people who had previously migrated to Spain.
At the moment, she plans to stay in Spain, if everything goes well. Currently, her greatest with is finding a partner, get her papers sorted out and find a job. That is her dream.
From 2018 until February 2021 she is mainly concerned with finding work, as sometimes she finds it and sometimes she does not; the jobs available for the professional profile she has are temporary. That is her main purpose during this stage. According to her, if there is no work, there is nothing.
On a personal level, she does not feel that her life has improved in recent years, as she has not fully achieved the objectives that led her to migrate.
On her last trip to Spain, she stresses that all her family in Morocco helped her to prepare for the trip. They were very happy, the whole family prayed for her so it would go well, as it was the second time she came and the first trip was not considered successful because it took her 13 years to be able to return to Spain.
The last year of residence in Spain has been very sad because of the situation caused by COVID-19 and because she has worked very little during this period. She has suffered a lot because of her situation as a migrant woman and as a seasonal worker. She highlights certain elements that have made her feel more vulnerable such as the fear and the uncertainty caused by the instability in which she currently finds herself and the conditions of the jobs she has had recently.
As one of the main problems of integration in Spain, she points out the distrust of some local people who do not facilitate the process of getting to know and communicating with them, in addition to the language. Although she understands that she integrates easily, except with people who show this refusal to relate to her, they do not give her the opportunity to do so. From the first moment, she has been able to express her culture, the use of the veil, her religion and she has not felts rejected because of this.
On a personal level, she identifies herself and feels Muslim and Moroccan. She longs to be able to spend time with her family in Morocco, although thanks to social networks and mobile phones she can talk to them frequently. In this sense, she continues to relate to people from her culture through the networks she has and by the association of migrant women with which she collaborates, which also facilitates this process. However, she stresses that she has not received support from other public administrations or other entities due to her current situation of undocumented status.
In relation to gender roles in Morocco and Spain, our protagonist stresses that there are important differences. Where she lives in Morocco, men are one step ahead of women and in Spain it is the opposite. However, according to her, she identifies that she does not like the fact that there are problems of clashes within the family environment due to this distribution of roles in Spain.
The woman interviewed is aware of the resources that exist in her locality and the institutions she can approach, but the language problem is important in this regard. When she has to approach an institution, she has to be accompanied by a person who can translate for her.
In their locality, Cruz Roja organizes Spanish language training courses but there are currently many migrants in need of such resources and there is a shortage of places.
Despite all these difficulties, our protagonist is very strong and has very clear ideas. That is why her main aim is to regularize her situation.
In the near future, she wants to have a partner and be able to travel to Morocco and return to Spain with normality, without fears. She hopes to be able to visit and help her father and mother who are ill in her country.
Analysis of the initiative and individual story
Among the main integration initiatives are the following:
RESOURCES AND SUPPORT:
- The association with which we collaborate has been important as a facilitator of contact with people, with advice and guidance, as well as support for translation.
- Having family networks in the destination locality after migration.
- Respect of the host society for her customs, mother culture an didentity.
CULTURAL IDENTITY:
- Reaffirming her cultural identity, maintaining her beliefs, her mother culture, interacting and feeling respected in the community in which she lives.
WORK:
- In the periods when she has been working, she has felt much more integrated, more confident. Even though the type of work she was doing did not have all the conditions she wanted.
MOTIVATION FOR MIGRATION:
- As a Young woman without children under her responsibility, she made the decision to migrate to change her life and then stay in Spain to try to achieve her dream. Although she has not yet achieved it, her situation has allowed her to continue to pursue it.
Results and Impact
On a qualitative level, she feels integrated, she has informal support networks, but feels that she needs to improve her life by finding a more stable job, regularizing her situation and finding a partner. These are the aspect that the Moroccan woman interviewed highlights as essential in order to continue improving her situation here. For the moment, she wants to continue in Spain and she sees herself here in the near future, but with the freedom to travel to her country whenever she feels like it and without the fear of the current situation of irregularity in which she finds herself.
On a quantitative level, her economic situation improves when she arrived in Spain because she comes with the contract of origin and, although she does the same work as in Morocco, she gets a better salary in Spain. At the moment, she is not working, but the savings strategy implemented by our protagonist and the family network she has are allowing her to continue her life in Spain for the time being.