FRANCE
The participation of migrant women in civic life is among the priorities of the National Strategy for Reception and Integration, carried by the Ministry of the Interior since 2018
Creation of local authorities to promote integration. Examples: "Together!" program (Dijon- Cesam association)
Disconnect participation in civic life with the legal status of women
GREECE
Access to citizenship is regulated by the Citizenship Code (L. 3284/2004, article 5(1) Citizenship Code as amended with L. 4674/2020)
The citizenship code establishes some measures to achieve citizenship, and therefore the full integration of migrant women. Among them: reside in Greece for 7 years or knowledge of Greek , benormally integrated in the economic and social life of the country, be able to actively participate in political life. Example regardingsocial integration: “Integration Support for Beneficiaries of International Protection” (HELIOS) project implementedin close cooperation with national authorities the IOMaimed to promote the integration into Greek society of beneficiaries of international protection residing in programs temporary housing via: integration courses, employability support, integration monitoring, awareness of the host community.
Reconsider the measures established to achieve citizenship
ITALY
The entry, stay and regularization of non-European citizens is one of the main issues addressed by immigration laws. To regularize their legal situation in the country, it is necessary to meet different requirements.
Support from local offices to carry out bureaucratic procedures. In addition, non-governmental entities provide legal advice
Promote greater guidance and attention, mainly from the public administration to facilitate the process of obtaining citizenship and the initial stage of entry into the country. Likewise, a renewal of the citizenship law is necessary
PORTUGAL
Citizenship is regulated by Law 37/81, of 03 October updated by the Organic Law no. 2/2020, of 10/11 regulates the forms of attribution, acquisition, and loss of nationality. The requirements to obtain citizenship are established, such as having a good knowledge of the Portuguese language
Among the measures developed by migrant women to promote integration, we highlight promoting identity or considering the different ways to achieve regularization/access to citizenship
Streamline the process of requesting and granting residency and citizenship. Also, provide more information and guidance to migrant women
SLOVENIA
To obtain citizenship by naturalization, the migrant population must reside in Slovenia continuously for the prescribed period of time (it will depend on certain precepts but it is generally 10 years and as such among the longest). It is the most powerful measure of integration in a society.
Long-term permanent residents have the right to vote, giving them the same right as the rest of the Slovenian population. This is a true measure of integration
Encourage participation in other political areas such as being members of political parties. Likewise, it would be advisable to allow obtaining dual citizenship
SPAIN
In Spain, the main law regulating the matter in question is Organic Law 4/2000, of January 11, on the rights and freedoms of foreigners in Spain and their social integration"
Relax the integration requirement to obtain Spanish nationality (which requires the approval of a questionnaire) for unskilled migrant women.
Reduce the resolution time of procedures
In the table-summary presented above, it can be seen how the process of obtaining citizenship in the different study contexts is different. However, some general aspects can be observed. First, in all contexts there is a law that regulates the right to citizenship and/or residence. Secondly, in most countries the requirements for obtaining citizenship are requested to stay in the country for a long period of time (sometimes up to 10 years are requested) and knowledge/proficiency in the language of the country. Thirdly, as a negative aspect, the lack of attention and orientation towards migrant women and the delay in procedures have been highlighted in some of the study contexts, which hinders the integration process in the receiving societies.
As a positive aspect, it is important to highlight the case of Spain, where there are exceptions in which it is easier to obtain nationality (unskilled migrant women) or residence permits (foreign women victims of gender violence). This shows that, in some aspects of the regulations, the gender approach is contemplated.
